Java Program: Bubble Sort to Sort Characters
This program sorts the characters of a given string using the Bubble Sort algorithm. Bubble Sort repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BubbleSortCharacters {
// Method to sort characters in a string using Bubble Sort
public static String bubbleSort(String input) {
char[] characters = input.toCharArray(); // Convert string to character array
int n = characters.length;
// Bubble Sort algorithm
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; j++) {
// Swap if the current character is greater than the next
if (characters[j] > characters[j + 1]) {
char temp = characters[j];
characters[j] = characters[j + 1];
characters[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
return new String(characters); // Convert character array back to string
}
// Main method
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
// Input: User enters a string
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
// Sort the characters in the string
String sortedString = bubbleSort(input);
// Output: Display the sorted string
System.out.println("Sorted characters: " + sortedString);
}
}
Code Breakdown
1. Import Statement
- Line:
import java.util.Scanner; - This imports the
Scannerclass to read user input.
2. Class Declaration
- Line:
public class BubbleSortCharacters { - This declares a public class named
BubbleSortCharacters.
3. Bubble Sort Method
- Line:
public static String bubbleSort(String input) { - This method sorts the characters of the input string and returns the sorted string.
4. Convert String to Character Array
char[] characters = input.toCharArray();
- Converts the input string into an array of characters for sorting.
5. Bubble Sort Algorithm
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; j++) {
if (characters[j] > characters[j + 1]) {
char temp = characters[j];
characters[j] = characters[j + 1];
characters[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
- This nested loop implements the Bubble Sort algorithm. It compares adjacent characters and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.
6. Convert Character Array Back to String
- Line:
return new String(characters); - Converts the sorted character array back into a string.
Main Method
7. Create Scanner Object
- Line:
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); - Creates a
Scannerobject for reading user input.
8. User Input
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
- Prompts the user for input and reads it into the variable
input.
9. Sort the Characters
- Line:
String sortedString = bubbleSort(input); - Calls the
bubbleSortmethod with the user’s input.
10. Display the Result
System.out.println("Sorted characters: " + sortedString);
- Displays the sorted characters to the user.
Conclusion
This program uses the Bubble Sort algorithm to sort the characters of a string. It demonstrates fundamental programming concepts such as methods, loops, and user input. If you have any questions or need clarification on any part, feel free to ask!
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